修復硝基苯污染底泥的活性覆蓋材料篩選

摘要： 針對硝基苯污染底泥修復的活性覆蓋技術,篩選了適合阻斷底泥中硝基苯釋放的還原劑和吸附劑.采用的零價鐵可迅速將難生物降解的硝基苯還原為苯胺,提高其生物可降解性,有利于將污染物徹底去除.零價鐵對硝基苯的還原反應速率隨著零價鐵劑量的提高而提高,反應速率常數≥>10.001 min~(-1).吸附試驗結果表明,在煤渣、活性炭、焦炭以及硅藻土幾種常見的吸附劑中,活性炭具有最佳的吸附能力,但是其價格昂貴,不適于大規模應用.而廉價易得的煤渣對硝基苯及其降解產物苯胺具有良好的吸附性能,對硝基苯和苯胺的最大理論吸附量達到924.9 mg·kg~(-1)和1692.2 mg·kg~(-1).因此提出以煤渣為吸附基質,并添加一定比例零價鐵的復合活性覆蓋材料,為硝基苯污染底泥修復提供一種新的方向和基本參數. Abstract： Aiming at the remediation of nitrobenzene (NB) polluted sediments by active capping technique ; sorbents and reductant that can retard NB release from sediment were selected. In this paper, zero valent iron (Fe°)was used to reduce NB to aniline, which has much greater biodegradability, than the former so as to decompose the pollutant completely. The reduction rate of NB increased with the dose of Fe0, with rate constants ≥ 0.001 min~(-1) Sorption experiments showed that activated carbon had the strongest sorption capacity among the four tested sorbents, activated carbon, cinder, coke and diatomite. However, activated carbon is expensive, and is not suitable for large scale application. The cheaper and readily available cinder also showed a good sorption capacity for NB and its metabolite, aniline. The theoretic maximum adsorption capacity was 924.9 mg · kg~(-1)and 1692.2 mg · kg~(-1) for NB and aniline, respectively. Hence, we propose combined capping system using cinder as the reductant and Fe° as the reductant. This study provides basic parameters for the remediation of NB contaminated sediments. 作 者： 徐曉陽    高冠道    張子種    孫紅文    王圣瑞    顏昌宙    金相燦    XU Xiao-yang    GAO Guan-dao    ZHANG Zi-zhong    SUN Hong-wen    WANG Sheng-rui    YAN Chang-zhou    JIN Xiang-can   作者單位： 徐曉陽,高冠道,張子種,孫紅文,XU Xiao-yang,GAO Guan-dao,ZHANG Zi-zhong,SUN Hong-wen(南開大學環境科學與工程學院,教育部環境污染過程與基準重點實驗室,天津,300071)

王圣瑞,顏昌宙,金相燦,WANG Sheng-rui,YAN Chang-zhou,JIN Xiang-can(中國環境科學研究院湖泊研究中心,北京,100012) 

期 刊： 環境化學  ISTICPKU   Journal： ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY  年，卷(期)： 2009, 28(6)  分類號： X13  關鍵詞： 底泥污染修復    硝基苯    零價鐵    還原    煤渣    吸附.    Keywords： sediment remediation    nitrobenzene    zero-valent Fe    reduction    cinder    sorption.   

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