舉辦奧運會的利弊英語

1. Encourages Investment in Transport and Infrastructure.

Major sporting events usually requireupgrades to transport and communication links. This investment leaves a lasting legacy for the whole economy. Better transport links reduce congestion and help to improve efficiency for local business. It can help increase the productive capacity of the economy (shifting aggregate supply to the right). For example, for the London Olympics in 2012 we have seen new rail links created in East London, and improvements to existing underground and overground train services (London Olympic rail networks)

2. Influx of Foreign Visitors.

A major sporting event like the Olympics canattract 10,000s of people for the duration of the games. These foreign tourists bring a boost to the local economy. In particular the local tourist trade, shops / hotels will benefit from the surge in visitor numbers.However, it is worth noting that these visitor numbers tend to be temporary. The major sporting event only lasts for a few weeks; potentially there could be many empty hotel beds in the future. On the other handpeople argue a major sporting event can lead to a long term growth in visitor numbers.e.g.Chinafelt the Beijing Olympics created a feeling that China could be a popular tourist destination. Barcelona saw higher visitor numbers continue after the Barcelona Olympics of 1992.

3. Job Creation

Typically, major sporting eventsrequire investment in building stadium and hotels. This creates jobs for the local economy for up to 4 years before the event.These extra jobs help create a positive multiplier effect amongst the local economy.It is hoped that the London Olympics will help regenerate the east end of London.Some argue this temporary job boost can prove more permanent, if the economic regeneration continues after the games.

4. Higher Economic Growth

It is estimated that the ‘Olympics Effect’ leads to a boost in economic growth due to the higher investment and foreign visitors. This leads to higher tax revenues for the government

Costs of Events like the Olympics

1. Expense

The cost ofhosting a major sporting eventhas increased significantly in recent years. It includes,not only, all the investment but also the heightened security.It is hard to meet these costs through sponsorship and ticket sales alone. Therefore, it can lead to higher taxes for the local population.

2. Will the infrastructure be used in the future?

The Olympics requires a lot of investment, which maynot necessarily be used in the future. Many custom built sporting events may not be used in the future.

3. Disruption during the event

It is feared that during the Olympics there will bea disruption to local businessesnot effected.For example increased security features make it more difficult to continue normal business.